Free Essays on Nietzsche And Freud

Nietzsche and Freud both had a similar thought that society was a central point affecting ones conduct. Anyway they varied in their view of the intrinsic characteristics of people and how human advancement is best accomplished. It will be appeared in this paper how Nietzsche and Freud contrast in their view of the intrinsic characteristics of people. Nietzsche accepted that people were inherently acceptable and that the pith of people existed in their will. Freud accepted that humans’ intrinsic characteristics were awful and it was society which was expected to stifle these characteristics. Nietzsche felt that society had an excessive amount of authority over people. He expresses that society had received a sort of slave ethical quality. Nietzsche felt that if the individual needed to succeed the person needed to break liberated from society to better oneself. The premise of this thought was the hypothesis of the will. Nietzsche accepted the will was the human quintessence. Will is an intrinsic quality since it isn't inner voice from what society says. Nietzsche accepted that people were essentially brought into the world great and it was society that made one awful. So as to keep away from society tainting an individual, one needed to follow their will. He needed the will to be unhindered by society and so as to do this one needed to get rid of still, small voice and cognizance. Still, small voice is ones feeling of right or wrong which originates from what society says. Nietzsche accepted that ones cognizance is a hallucination and it must be surrendered. By deserting what society said and following ones will the individual could accomplish enormity. Achievement and progress is best accomplished, as indicated by Nietzsche, just when there is a vast articulation of the will introduce. Freud felt it was society that was useful to the person. In spite of Nietszche, Freud accepted that people were normally brought into the world terrible and it was society which made the person in question awful. Freud accepted that people were brought into the world with an id. The id is basica... Free Essays on Nietzsche And Freud Free Essays on Nietzsche And Freud Nietzsche and Freud both had a similar thought that society was a central point affecting ones conduct. Anyway they varied in their view of the inborn characteristics of people and how human advancement is best accomplished. It will be appeared in this paper how Nietzsche and Freud contrast in their view of the intrinsic characteristics of people. Nietzsche accepted that people were intrinsically acceptable and that the substance of people existed in their will. Freud accepted that humans’ intrinsic characteristics were awful and it was society which was expected to smother these characteristics. Nietzsche felt that society had a lot of command over people. He expresses that society had embraced a kind of slave ethical quality. Nietzsche felt that if the individual needed to succeed the person in question needed to break liberated from society to better oneself. The premise of this thought was the hypothesis of the will. Nietzsche accepted the will was the human quintessence. Will is a natural quality since it isn't inner voice from what society says. Nietzsche accepted that people were essentially brought into the world great and it was society that made one awful. So as to stay away from society ruining an individual, one needed to follow their will. He needed the will to be unhindered by society and so as to do this one needed to get rid of heart and awareness. Inner voice is ones feeling of right or wrong which originates from what society says. Nietzsche accepted that ones cognizance is a dream and it must be relinquished. By deserting what society said and following one s will the individual could accomplish significance. Achievement and progress is best accomplished, as indicated by Nietzsche, just when there is an endless articulation of the will introduce. Freud felt it was society that was advantageous to the person. In spite of Nietszche, Freud accepted that people were normally brought into the world awful and it was society which made the person in question awful. Freud accepted that people were brought into the world with an id. The id is basica...

George W. Bush Essays - Bush Family, Livingston Family,

George W. Shrub 03-16-00 George W. Shrubbery In the event that I needed to pick an applicant dependent on, foundation, position on issues, and intangibles I figure it would be George W. Bramble. I would pick George W. Shrub since he underpins a few issues that Im intrigued by and he appears as though the sort of fellow who will work superbly. I imagine that with George W. Shrub as president, the United States will improve as a spot for everybody. In this article I will examine why I figure he would be a decent president dependent on issues, foundation and his intangibles. I likewise bolster George W. Hedge since he has a decent foundation. In addition to the fact that he was engaged with governmental issues, yet he is has additionally been associated with business. This is an accomplished very much experienced man. Here is some foundation data on George W. Hedge that shows a portion of the things that he has done right up 'til the present time, he was brought into the world July 6, 1946 and experienced childhood in Midland and Houston, Texas. He got a single guys degree from Yale University and a MBA from Harvard Business School. He filled in as a F-102 pilot for the Texas Air National Guard. He started his profession in the oil and gas business in Midland in 1975 and worked in the vitality business until 1986. Subsequent to taking a shot at his dads 1988 presidential crusade he amassed the gathering of accomplices that bought the Texas Rangers baseball establishment in 1989 and which later manufactured the Rangers new home, the Ballpark at Arlington. He filled in as overseeing general accomplice of the Texas Rangers until he was chosen Governor on November 8, 1994, with 53.5 percent of the vote. Senator Bush and his better half, Laura, a previous educator and curator who experienced childhood in Midland, live in the notable Governors Mansion in Austin with their multi year old twin girls, Barbara and Jenna, their pooch, Spot, and their three felines, India, Cowboy and Ernie. Representative Bush is a Methodist and has served on the sheets of different magnanimous, business and municipal associations. Right up 'til the present time George W. Shrub stays as the legislative head of Texas, and has done numerous beneficial things for the province of Texas. Perhaps the greatest thing that made me notice George W. Shrub, was his thoughts on charges. He fundamentally needs to supplant the present five rate structure of 15, 28, 31, 36, and 39.6 percent with four, lower rates: 10, 15, 25, and 33 percent. Albeit a portion of different applicants likewise bolster a tax break plan, some of them have incredibly low rates, Keyes needs to abrogate annual assessment and Buchannon needs to have a level 16 % rate, let's be honest, these are to low and that would not give enough subsidizing for the administration, at that point programs in regards to training, social insurance, and safeguard would be significantly influenced. At that point there are different competitors who bolster tax breaks, yet just coordinated to the individuals who make lower earnings, and that isn't reasonable. So as should be obvious George W. Hedge has an arrangement that can profit everybody and it wont negatively affect the economy. Another issue that makes me bolster Geor ge W. Shrubbery is his thoughts on firearm laws. I imagine that his firearm laws would cause this nation to apportion more secure and it would spare assign of lives. George W. Hedge essentially shares a portion of similar thoughts on some significant issues and that is my main motivation for supporting him. Something else that is extraordinary about George W. Shrubbery is that he has great administration aptitudes and he does what is useful for the individuals. He is a caring family man that has done such a large number of beneficial things for the territory of Texas and I believe that he would work superbly at being president. He likewise appears as though a mindful man because of the considerable number of things he has accomplished for youngsters in Texas, it truly seems as though he is concentrating on the prosperity of the countries kids, and that shows that he is a mindful individual. Likewise, he isn't negative crusading, with the goal that shows that he has confidence in his thoughts and himself. This is the sort of president that I

Alternative School Placement

Alternative School Placement The Effectiveness or Ineffectiveness of Alternative School Placement Dec 19, 2019 in Education Purpose Statement In most cases, students with behavioral disorders and other disabilities are at risk of leaving school. This happens because conventional schools are failing to meet multiple needs of students with such disabilities (Lehr, 2004). For this reason, alternative programs and schools have appeared as a way out for such students who cannot succeed in conventional schools. According to the Disabilities Education Act, the individuals with behavioral disabilities from age 3 to age 18 or 21 can receive special alternative education services within a variety of placement options (Mathur Jolivette, 2012). The range of placement options includes alternative classrooms, alternative education schools, residential school, and juvenile detention centers. The purpose of this research is to examine the effectiveness of Alternative School Placement for students with behavior problems. In the related research, it is important to determine how alternative schooling meets the needs of students with behavi oral disorders, how it offers equal access to the educational opportunities, and the most important question is what kind of alternative schooling must be served for such children (Smink Schargel, 2004). Participant Protection The research will engage some members of the teaching staff in Corleon Junior High School, which is located in the Northeastern part of Mississippi. I will approach the gatekeeper for permission to access the learning institution in order to conduct a survey on the effectiveness of alternative school placement to the student. A brief but clear introduction will be provided to the gatekeeper in order to clarify the matter and its importance. I will thereafter proceed to the administration block to seek permission from the schools principal regarding the survey. I will also provide detailed information on the research and the reason why Corleon Junior High School teaching staff is best suited for the research. The head teacher will provide us with a letter that will indicate her approval for the survey that will be conducted within the school with the help of the teaching staff. I will later proceed to the staffroom with the guidance from the deputy principal and select part of the tea ching staff that will help me to conduct the survey. Out of the entire population size of Corleon Junior High, the research will include only the employees who are willing to participate in the study. This means that the teachers will provide information on a voluntary basis. Not every teacher in the school will participate in the study; this will be due to time limitations, and reduction of extra costs that may incur if the research incorporates all members of Corleons teaching staff. The sample size of the entire teaching population is expected to give their full cooperation toward this research so that the research can generate the most accurate findings. Having familiarized myself with the teaching staff and the sample for the research, I leave Corleon Junior High School with permission from the Head teacher, the sample, and the gatekeeper who is important for security reasons. The names of the sample will be concealed during and after the study for confidentiality reasons (Smin k Schargel, 2004). Participants: Demographics of the School The High School in Northeastern Mississippi, which will provide the data for the study on effectiveness or ineffectiveness of alternative school placement, is relatively large with our streams on every grade. The school is centrally placed in terms of transport network and amenities, and this makes it suitable for most parents and guardians to bring their children here. Various socio-economic factors have contributed to different demographic groups of students in this school and these external factors have directly or indirectly affected the school. Numerous students come from middle class homes while a certain proportion hail from rich families. The rest of the student-population comprises of the lower class with parents who are engaged in small businesses. The school has a diverse racial constitution with about 38% of the students being of African-American race. The rest of the population belongs to the white race and other races like Asians. The students have learnt to co-exist an d make the school environment conducive through embracing all racial differences. Reports from the administrations, however, reveal that there are few cases arising from racial backgrounds though the administration has been working hard to eliminate any racial segregation within the student body. Order now Live Chat The presence of different manufacturing companies in the area has contributed to the high number of students in this school with their parents/guardians opting to take their children to school here due to convenience since after school hours they can all travel home together. Indiscipline is a vice that is strongly fought against in this institution though there have been several cases concerning discipline in the past. The students who are found guilty are punished accordingly and in some extreme cases, they are asked to bring their parents. Few students have been suspended or permanently sent away from the school. Some students with disciplinary disorders have been referred to other schools that can accommodate their disorders and shape them while providing them with the same education. Alternative programs and schools have appeared as a way out for such students who have been unable to succeed in a similar school to this one. Instruments There will be different instruments and materials that will be used in this research, and they include writing material, which will have the questionnaire forms that will be filled by our sample teachers during the study. Pens and other important stationery like rulers and marker pens will be mandatory in this study. There will be use of computers and the internet will be useful in gathering online data about the effectiveness of the school placement programs. Design The sampling of data will be conducted to select 30% of the schools teaching staff. The individuals who will constitute the primary source of data will fill in the questionnaires and give verbal information that will be recorded for the final tabulation in percentages and charts. The internet, is another source of data that will be classified in the secondary source, will be very useful in this process and through the help of the internet, I will be able to search for more details on the topic of study online. This will help in the discovery of more facts and details on alternative school placement and its impacts to students. I will, as a result, gather all information needed in the research regarding its negative and positive impacts. The mode in which I will carry out the research will be aimed at incorporating all the views and information of the sample population from the teachers in the school and incorporate data from secondary sources. It is a fact that most members of the te aching staff get into contact with children with such disorders in their day-to-day teaching responsibilities. The teachers have first-hand experience with the students with disorders that call for alternative placement and they are, therefore, best suited for this role of providing data. Bearing in mind the pressure on cost and time to be taken in the research, the sample will only include data from the teachers who will offer to give information on the same and whose percentage will be estimated to be 30% of the teaching staff. Procedure The actual execution of the survey will kick off early in the morning on the conclusive study with the research assistants preparing the materials and equipment to be used. They will ensure that the sample is present and that they are composed to provide adequate and accurate information on the topic of study. The verbal interview will be conducted on the area of choice of the teacher and this will ensure that they are at ease to answer all the questions that arise. The questionnaires will be distributed evenly to all the teachers providing the study with information. The actual interviews are set to kick off at exactly nine oclock and it will begin by verbal investigation with the help of the research assistants. After all the teachers have provided their views and observations on alternative school placement, they will be provided with a questionnaire that will touch on the statistics pertaining to alternative school placement. The teachers will give a probability of the number of students enrolled in alternative placement institutions from the pre-kindergarten level through to the secondary education level. The questionnaire will also require the teachers to give their ratio of girls to boys who are enrolled in the special schools. Being that they spend most of the time with the students than any other person, the teachers have a provision to give their general views and suggestions concerning this matter. The team will ensure that the teachers exhaust themselves in providing information by providing them to add any point that they deem necessary for the research. After a thorough interaction with the sample, I will contact the internet to gather information on the school and how it relates to alternative placement program to some of the students who have been noted to possess similar disorders. The information gathered on the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the alternative schools for students with special cases and behavioral disorders. The data collected from the internet and the sample will be represented in different forms to enable analysis of the results. Once the sample population has provided the data that will be on a non-probability basis, the data will then be processed and it will be described by tabulation percentage and graphs, too. The tabulation percentages and the graphs will help in reading and interpreting the data collected. In order to select the ideal population group to be used in the study, it will be chosen on the basis of the teachers experience and this will help in eliminating inaccurate data if a different method is to be used. This method of selection will be appropriate in providing total freedom in achieving relevant and conclusive data. Data Analysis From the survey conducted in the high school in Mississippi, the findings indicate that the number of cases of behavioral disorders and special cases is steadily rising as compared to five years back. The number of black special cases enrolled in the special institutions is very high as compared to white students and other races. The number of male students placed under alternative school programs is slightly higher than that of female students. The survey, however, discovered that the rate of such behavioral disorders is almost nil at the kindergarten stage, and these characters emerge as they begin their first grade. This pattern can be blamed on the fact that the children in their kindergarten years are still developing both psychologically and physically and any disorders or special conditions cannot be detected at this early stage. The 75% enrollment for black students into the alternative placement schools raises questions on the upbringing of the African-American students thou gh the research reveals that these students do not get enough exposure to physical and mental challenges while they are toddlers. Parents and guardians, however, are suspected to be lenient on their emphasis on discipline; thus, there are a high number of disorderly black students. From the deductions made from the research, the alternative school placement is a good remedy to students with behavioral disorders and special conditions. Amendments should, however, be made to these institutions to introduce more counseling and physiological lessons to ensure that the students attain the right moral and physical foundation for their future lives.

Essay on what is the sociological perspective (imagination)

Question 1: What is the sociological perspective? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;What is the nature of the social sciences? This is the question that began the study of society, first performed by C. Wright Mills in his development of the idea of the sociological imagination. There are many different aspects to the sociological perspective. Merriam-Webster dictionary defines perspective as â€Å"the capacity to view things in their true relations or relative importance†. Having a sociological perspective means that you view all of societies components and their relationship to the individual. First I will discuss how individuals are socialized. Next I will point out societal structures role in that socialization.†¦show more content†¦For example because we were poor, my mother was uneducated, our class was low, and our religion played as more of a financial support system than a moral characterizing system, we consider it okay to have children outside of the structural bounds of marriage. There are different rules, known a s norms, by which we must abide in order to be considered well adjusted to society. It is important to understand that one does not spontaneously become the person that they are, and automatically follow the norms that they follow. They must be taught by others in their society such as their parents, as well as by societal structures such as education, and the media. Although most Americans would like to think of themselves as autonomous beings, it is a fact that our choices are shaped by larger social forces around us such as the historical or cultural contexts and social institutions. We make these decisions because we have internalized the values, beliefs, and norms of our culture. Through socialization we learn to perform different roles such as American citizen, mother, or worker. Along with socialization comes our shaping by societal structures. Societal structures refer to the pattern within culture and organization through which social action takes place. A good example of a societal structure is the media. The media has a major affect on how society is conditioned to follow certain norms. For example we learn about what is acceptableShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Sociological Imagination1389 Words   |  6 PagesMy personal condensed definition of â€Å"the sociological imagination† is that it is the idea one should be aware of the societal structures around themselves, and how those structures can influence a person and vice-versa. In addition, I think that having a â€Å"sociological imagination† also involves a deep appreciation for the importance of society and culture. Consequently, for a person that has completed a basic introduction to sociology college course and actually paid attention, I would hope thatRead MoreSociology Imagination833 Words   |  4 Pagesdefined sociological imagination as the vi vid awareness of the relationship between experience and the wider society. The sociological imagination is the capacity to shift from one perspective to another: from the political to the psychological; from examination of a single family to comparative assessment of the national budgets of the world; from the theological school to the military establishment; from considerations of an oil industry to studies of contemporary poetry.[1] Sociological Imagination:Read MoreThe Concepts Following Sociological Imagination675 Words   |  3 Pages In this essay I’ll be talking about Sociological Imagination and the concepts following it and more especially the importance of it. Sociological Imagination is one of the core concepts of Sociology whereas Sociology is all about studying people within the society and what they do. Sociological imagination is all about using one’s mind to see how people are affected by tangible and intangible things around them. Sociological imagination is affected by social forces which are forces that influenceRead More Sociological Imagination Essay582 Words   |  3 Pages To understand the term `Sociological Imagination, it is important to identify what Sociology is and what do sociologists study. It is also vital to look at the three basic concerns of the sociological imagination or perspective, which include Social Structure, Social Institutions and Social Processes. Moreover, it is necessary to understand what C. Wright Mills means when he mentions the personal troubles of milieu and the public issues of social structure, and how it helps usRead MoreSociological Imagination Essay865 Words   |  4 PagesFrom The Sociological Imagination by C. Wright Mills addresses a distinction between personal troubles and public issues. Mills uses specific examples like unemployment and societal development. Mills explains the ability to connect the individual problems with societal problems. Throughout the text, we can see how Mills uses the perspective of an individual to explain the perspective of society and vice versa. Using sociological imagination, I will explain how education is influenced by societyRead MoreLiving As Woman And A Muslim Essay1235 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica The term sociological imagination was a concept constructed by the American Sociologist C. Wright Mills in 1959 to describe the ability to understand how our lives are affected by the historical and sociological changes around us. In order to possess the knowledge of sociological imagination, we should be able to pull away from the current situation and be able to look and think from a different perspective. C. Wright Mills defined his concept of sociological imagination as â€Å"...the vividRead MoreAnalysis Of Dalton Conley s You May Ask Yourself 1267 Words   |  6 PagesDalton Conley’s book, You May Ask Yourself, defines sociological imagination as, â€Å"The ability to connect the most basic, intimate aspects of an individual’s life to seemingly impersonal and remote historical forces† (Conley 2015, pg. A-11). Sociological Imagination is the idea of being able to step outside of the box, and evaluate society from an alternative point of view. Symbolic I nteractionism, norms, socialization, and the idea of understanding yourself vs. understanding the social aspect ofRead MoreSociological Imagination Essay703 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿ Tierra Hodge Dr. Ngeo Boon Lin Intro to Sociology October 1, 2014 Sociological Imagination What is sociological imagination? According to C. Wright Mills sociological imagination is the ability to see how individual experiences are connected to the larger society. Sociological perspective enables one to grasp connection to history and biography. History is the background and biography is the individual’s specific experiences. C.Wright Mills came up with the idea that in order for one to understandRead MoreThe Sociological Imagination and Freedom from Feelings of Entrapment1133 Words   |  5 PagesThe sociological imagination is the â€Å"quality of mind† (Mills, 1959: 4) that enables individuals to look outside their private sphere of consciousness and identify the structures and institutions in society that influence or cause their personal experiences. In this way, by looking at the bigger picture, they can understand their place in society and explain their circumstance in terms of societal influence. It was developed by Mills in a time of great social upheaval – industrialisation, globalisationRead MoreThe Concept Of Sociological Imagination : Connecting History987 Words   |  4 PagesClaudia Rosado Professor Williams Sociology 3 October 2014 The Concept of Sociological Imagination: Connecting History to Biography C. Wright Mills believed that sociological imagination connects history and biography by means of cause and effect. Society and all things surrounding it have a particular interconnection when it comes to change. As a result, one major alteration to everyday society causes human relationships in history to adapt to change. History is altered by man, without human interaction

State Constitutions Have Many Functions - 876 Words

State constitutions have many functions. A state constitution defines the powers given to political institutions and also to individuals. For example, the Bill of Rights in the US Constitution and the Bill of Rights in the Texas Constitution â€Å"provides specific freedoms to the citizens and limits the power of the government.† (Vocabulary.com) The constitution also prevents any one person, persons or political office from becoming too powerful by using a system of checks and balances. State constitutions also declare rights for its citizens which do not allow certain kinds of government activities to intrude upon their lives. Texas’s Constitution goes much further in defining the people’s rights than the US Constitution. There are five key ways in which the Texas and US constitutions are similar. The first, both preambles start out very similarly, the US preamble says â€Å"We the people of the United States of America† and the Texas constitution preamble proclaims â€Å"the People of Texas, do ordain and establish this Constitution.† By starting both of these constitutions in this way gives the political power to the people, it is created â€Å"by the people, for the people†. (Abraham Lincoln) Second, both constitutions give way to separation of powers. Each division of government, legislative, executive and judicial have their own powers defined by the people. They each have their defined duties but must work together when making decisions. Third, both constitutions have set up a systemShow MoreRelatedRaul E. Quesada. Professor Kennedy. Texas Government. 261718 Words   |  7 Pages1718 The Texas Constitution A constitution is consisted of four major functions that apply to constitutions all around the United States. Separation of powers is one of the major functions which is the formality of the three branches of government. The three branches of government are the legislative, judicial, and executive branches. Each have their own appliance to the constitutions of the vast United States, and each have their own influences as well to the different constitutions across the URead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1337 Words   |  6 PagesA constitution is defined as the system of fundamental principles according to which a nation, state, or those of such nature are governed. The Constitution of the United States of America is the supreme law over our nation as a set of rules in which our country is run. In addition to following the rules of the national constitution Texas also has its own constitution as wall as every other state’s; Texas’s is among the longest. Simil arly to the United States Constitution, the structure and functionRead MoreThe Main Functions Of The Constitution882 Words   |  4 Pages The Constitution has three major functions. The first function is that it creates the national government which includes the checks and balances it balances out the three branches of government to make sure one does not over power the other, those three branches include; the legislative, the executive and the judicial branch. The second function of the constitution is to divide the power between the federal and the state government making sure each side gets to have a say but to also be sure oneRead MoreUS Constitution Then and Now Essay1081 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States government was founded on a written set of principles known as the Constitution. There have only been 17 amendments, or changes, since ratification. While the United States has evolved with time the role and function of the government, and the way the government guara ntees civil rights and liberties, has also evolved. These changes have resulted from changing or broadening of the interpretation of the constitution. Although the core of the constitution has not changed, it hasRead MoreThe State Of The United States1531 Words   |  7 Pagesof nineteen states that still functions under their original constitution. Since state governments offer more services than the Federal Government, it is typically the norm for state constitutions to be lengthier than the United States Constitution. In the state of Nevada, the Constitution identifies the highest state official as the Governor who is in charge of the state executive branch. At the Federal level, the United States Constitution stipulates the President of the United States is electedRead MoreThe Main Functions Of A State s Constitution1045 Words   |  5 PagesThe constitution is a written document by which the state is run or operated. It is extremely significant as it sets the foundation an d provides the fundamental instructions on how the local government and the people ought to function. The four functions of a state’s constitution is to state where the power of political institutions originate from, assign powers, construct a system where checks and balance is put in place within the government, and sets the limits of political power. To sum it upRead MoreCritical Analysis of Good-bye, Montesquieu by Bruce Ackerman1454 Words   |  6 Pagesgovernance but it has its drawbacks too. The theory of separation of powers and checks and balances are closely related without this any constitution would have been declared null and void. This three ways model of separation of powers is the most important constitutional insight and this is the only reason that various founding members of the various constitutions have adopted this theory with all the changes making it fit for the changing times. IMPORTANCE OF THE SEPARATION OF POWER:- The structureRead MoreRole and Functions of Law842 Words   |  4 PagesRole and Functions of Law Introduction Over time man has evolved from an uncivilized primate to a technological driven working machine, but that evolution could not have occurred without law. Law gives the backbone a society needs to flourish in a civilized and more or less positive way. Although laws in most societies are not perfect, they keep society members in check and prevent chaos from running amok. In this paper I will discuss the major roles and functions of law will be discussed includingRead MoreFunctions Of The American Government1689 Words   |  7 Pages1. Three functions of the American government There are several functions of American Government that are important to the success of this country but I am going to choose three that I think are the most crucial. One of the function of the American government that is important is to protect their sovereign territory and their people and to provide national defense. I think this is a key function of the American government. This protects citizens from both at home and abroad from acts that endangerRead MoreThe American Revolutionary War ( 1775-1783 ) Essay1671 Words   |  7 Pagesexploited. The British saw the colonies as economic entities that could pay for their own defense. Many of the colonists would have been willing to pay for their own defense. With the condition that they would have a voice when it came to making decisions. The British ignored the colonies demands. As a result, the British developed the separate and unique American identity. Over a ten year time period many colonists began to identify themselves as Am ericans. Once the American identity was defined, The

Process Essay Free Essays

Jeana Hughes English 101 Process Essay Draft February 19, 2013 No Bake Cookies Peanutbutter Chocolate No Bake Cookies recipe is one of the most easiest recipe I have ever made. My reason for saying this is because there is no baking involved. The steps for making is really quite easy. We will write a custom essay sample on Process Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now I am going to first start out with a list of ingredients and supplies I use. ? Cup Milk 2 sticks butter 2 Cups sugar ? Cup cocoa ? tsp vanilla 3 Cups quick oats ? Cup peanutbutter 8 Qt pan, 2 sheets waxpaper, and two spoons I start out going ahead and laying out waxpaper so that it is ready when the cookie dough is done. I then get my pan on the stove. I add the milk, sticks of butter, sugar and cocoa. Once I have added all the ingredients I turn the stove on high. I stir constantly until mixture comes to a boil. I then let it boil without stirring for 1 minute. Then I remove from heat. Thus will bring me to my second step. I will then add the vanilla, quick oats, and peanutbutter, stirring mixture well. I consider this my third step. I bring my pan with the cookie dough over to where I have my wax paper layed out. I then use two teaspoons one for scooping and one for scraping off. I start getting teaspoonfuls of cookie dough and dropping it on wax paper. I continue doing this till all cookie dough is used. My final step is waiting. Usually if I have boiled the ingredients long enough the cookies will be ready in 30 minutes to an hour. I can tell this by pulling one of the cookies off the wax paper and it does not stick. I find this recipe to be very quick and easy. I hope if you attempt this recipe you will feel the same way. How to cite Process Essay, Essays Process Essay Free Essays Kyoobyung Park October 10, 2012 EN101-06 Process Essay How do volcanoes erupt? Volcanoes are created whenever there is an excessive pressure inside the crust of the earth and the pressure of magma extends very high that it finds the way up, initiating an eruption. â€Å"Sometimes the magma chamber breaks its sides and only reaches to the flank or summit of volcano and sometimes reaches the surface causing an eruption. † That is why a volcano erupts when pressure on the magma chamber causes the magma to rise and come out together with gas, rocks and ashes. We will write a custom essay sample on Process Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Violence of an eruption depends on how much pressure the volcano is under before it erupts. (How do volcano erupt) â€Å"In a volcanic eruption, hot lava spews out from beneath the Earth’s crust up to the Earth’s surface. † The hot lava spewed out is actually magma, hot melted rock. (Why do volcanoes erupt) â€Å"Sometimes the magma chamber breaks its sides and only reaches to the flank or summit of volcano and sometimes reaches to the surface causing an eruption. In the volcanoes which are not much active supply the magma from the deeper parts of the earth is not sufficient to cause eruption so most of the times crystals forms and they go down at the bottom releasing gas in the form of bubbles which come to the top of chamber and sometimes the pressure created by these gas bubbles are enough to erupt a volcano or just wait there for a little more push which they get from the next new magma formed within the earth. † The heat just embarks the magma for an eruption, which existed there ever since. How do volcanoes erupt) â€Å"Magma is the melted rocks deep in the earth crust. † The rocks melt because of the intense fervor within and create a thick liquid called magma, and when the magma is spewed out to the surface, it is called as affective and flows into the air in the states of ashes etc. â€Å"If the volcanic eruption is explosive then the matter forms a cloud of hot tephron. † Anything that is in front of the incoming lava is occasionally terminated. Ashes, which are released in the sky, fell on the earth in the states of powdery snow, which doesn’t melts. A huge mass of snow can cause harm to the vegetation, living organism and human beings. The intensity of explosion depends upon the thickness of magma. † The gases cannot escape easily; hence, they are gathered inside until they get enough heat energy for the explosion. (How do volcano erupt) Works Cited: How do volcanoes erupt, http://www. letusfindout. com/how-do-volcano-erupt/ , Letusfindout. com. Why do volcanoes erupt, http://kids. discovery. com/tell-me/curiosity-corner/earth/natural-disasters/why-do-volcanoes-erupt, Discovery Kids. How to cite Process Essay, Essays

Legend Of Love Essay Example For Students

Legend Of Love Essay Approximately 500 versions of the Cinderella story are in circulation, making it one of the most famous tales in the world. The plot in this timeless classic has been used as a model for writers for countless generations. Whether in print or on film, Cinderella is an inspirational story. It allows young girls to fantasize being swept off their feet by a sweet, handsome prince, marry and live happily ever after. For over hundreds of years the story has been refined and reworked, whether as the French Cendrillon or as the Brothers Grimms Cinderella. Though each tale is revised in different ways, the plot remains a common ground between them. The most recent version is, Ever After: A Cinderella Story, a film by Andy Tennant. This version has a realistic element, which is told to set the record straight. Like many great love stories before, Ever After: A Cinderella Story, has plenty of conflict between good and evil, right and wrong, and the charming versus the wicked. These conflicts ar e portrayed through the correlation between each character, and the relationship between the protagonists and the antagonists. We will write a custom essay on Legend Of Love specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Protagonists Grand DameGrand Dame is the narrator who is setting the record straight. She is also the Great-Great-Granddaughter of Danielle/Cinderella. While the Brothers Grimm has their version of the Cinderella story, the Grand Dame knows the truth. She summons the Brothers Grimm and explains her familys history as she knows it. As the narrator, her character is a mediator, stepping in when the conflict is elevated. Danielle When she was eight, Danielles father unexpectedly died. Left with her new stepmother, Rodmilla, Danielle is forced to be a servant to the household. Her strongest link to her father is the book, Utopia that he gave her the night before he died. An intriguing mix of tomboyish athleticism and physical beauty, she has enough charm to capture the heart of a prince. This spirited Cinderella is certainly no victim; against all odds, she stands up against a forceful and scheming stepmother. While Danielle does own a gorgeous pair of glass slippers, the words magic pumpkin are not in her vocabulary. Prince HenryPrince Henry has a secret. He doesnt want to be King of France. The prince finds peace in running away from the castle to escape from his obligations, including an arranged marriage to the princess of Spain. Prince Henry doesnt recognize his potential until Danielle enters the picture and shows him all the good that he can do. However, Rodmilla is out to interfere with his fu ture. He is your typical Prince Charming, tall, dark and handsome. Unfortunately, he is also a bit arrogant. Constantly whining, he refuses to marry the princess of Spain, and challenges his father by refusing to accept the crown. Upon meeting Danielle, he begins to realize his importance and the changes he can make for his people. With her keen intelligence and independence, Danielle, definitely, is not waiting around for the prince to rescue her. In fact, she often comes to his aid, offering him guidance, and saving the princes life by carrying him on her back. Leonardo da Vinci Cinderellas godmother is no magical little old lady, but a flesh and blood Leonardo da Vinci. When Danielle does receive help, it comes not from a fairy godmother, but from one of historys most renowned figures. Leonardo da Vinci is the famous artist and inventor. While staying in the royal palace, Leonardo helps Henry fall in love with Danielle. In fact, if it wasnt for Leonardo, they may not have lived h appily ever after. King Frances and Queen MarieThe king and queen of France are quite eager to marry off their son Henry. What is right for the country versus what is right for his family is one of the daily struggles that King Frances must face. King Frances decides to host a masquerade ball in honor of Leonaro da Vinci. King Frances also decides this would be the perfect time to introduce Henrys choice for his bride. .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374 , .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374 .postImageUrl , .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374 , .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374:hover , .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374:visited , .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374:active { border:0!important; } .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374:active , .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374 .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3ede04507bbacb738760d2b99f71e374:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Cause for Vegetarianism EssayJacqueline de GhentAs the more subdued sister, Jacqueline yearns to be accepted by her mother and others. Since she is chubby she gets backlash from her mother, Baroness Rodmilla de Ghent. Jacqueline can be sympathetic and is much more intelligent than either her sister or mother believe. Kind and thoughtful she allies with Danielle and offers warm words of comfort when Danielle is sad. Auguste de BarbaracAuguste de Barbarac is Danielles beloved father, whose death helps shapes her destiny. Though his character is short lived, his impact on Danielle was strong. He taught his daughter to be strong, and independent. Auguste also introduced Daniel le to literature. This explains Danielles love for the written word and why she is capable of having an intellectual conversation with Henry. The Antagonists Baroness Rodmilla de GhentTo say Rodmilla is evil would be putting it mildly. Not only is she bold enough to lie to the Queen of France, but she knows how to inflict emotional pain that is much more severe than physical pain. Rodmilla is Danielles stepmother and since the death of Danielles father (when he turned to Danielle for his last words of I love you), Rodmilla has considered her competition. Rodmillas big plan is for her daughter, Marguerite, to marry the Prince. Marguerite de Ghent The saying like mother, like daughter applies to Marguerite, who is just as good as Rodmilla at inflicting mental pain. Marguerite is out to be the Queen of France and will stop at nothing to get there. Marguerite is loud, manipulative, and always demanding her way. She is quite the opposite of her more subdued sister Jacqueline. And they lived happily ever afterEver After: A Cinderella Story takes the fable of Cinderella and creates a realistic and romantic adventure. The real magic in this story is the chemistry between the characters; especially the conflict between the protagonists and the antagonists. Though it is called A Cinderella Story, the movie contains strong creative and original elements that set it far apart from other Cinderella stories. The writers created a fascinating web of romance, drama, and even humor. They also created a strong villain in Rodmilla, the stepmother; and an elaborate Cinderella-like character named Danielle. We are made to believe that this fairytale is based on fact, rather than fiction. But than again, we are all looking to live happily ever after.

Marketing Plan of Thy free essay sample

With a population of 75 million, a dynamic economy, a relatively large geographical area (780,000 sq km) and increasing disposable income among its population,Turkey’s air travel demand continues to grow, at a time when the majority of Europe is experiencing sharp reductions. 1. 2 Strategic geographic position: The country is attractively geographically positioned, located only three hours flight time from 50 different countries (according to Turkish Airlines) and its unique position. 1. 3 Strong domestic presence: Turkish Airlines currently operates to 37 domestic destinations. . 4Star Alliance  membership and close relationship with Lufthansa: Most airlines will have to be part of an alliance in order to survive in the future because if you are not a member of an alliance it is very hard to compete with other alliances that offer incredible benefits 2. External analysis. 2. 1 Political factor THY is a government-owned, national flag carrier Labor agreement has powerful(Tur kish Civil Union of Aviation) Discounters suit themselves and make money from receipts thanks to regulations of government In 2002, the new Turkish Government announced, it would not be subsidization for THY The State Privatization Administration launched a public share offering Trust of financial markets without the need for government guarantees 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Plan of Thy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2 Economical factor Ticket prices have risen because of the increasing in fuel costs Air travel in Turkey will be the biggest growth market THY sells tickets via the Internet so that sales costs can be minimized The number of airline companies will be diminished and the condition of market will change because airline firms in Europe fortificates The number of travelling tourist from Europe to Turkey cut down due to the terrorism International economic situation,or global crisis 2. 3 Social factor In international area, competitors use service culture enough to make their customers comfortable about the airline They have always been transaction- oriented, not customer oriented Swine flu,climate conditions and crash in Amsterdam People’s lifestyle of transportation is changed by development in aircrafts Service culture problem, It will take time Special days . 4 Technological factor Satellite programming, wireless internet access, satellite monitors at every seat and seat –back personal video screens in modish aircrafts Reservation on telephone and on the Internet THY uses IBM computers Turkish Airlines (THY), to take effect the new competitive conditions in the world, which has become an important reality, â€Å"On-Demand Enterprise† business processes in order to become in-house, it heard the need for fl exibility for agencies within the framework of inter-and customers. This is in line with the management of software development, infrastructure, processes and tools needed to standard. 2. x. Coment We did internal and external analysis. It provided to see tool for audit and analysis of the overall strategic position of the business and its environment for us. it is the foundation for evaluating the internal potential and limitations and the probable/likely opportunities and threats from the external environment. It views all positive and negative factors inside and outside the firm that affect the success. 3. Swot analysis. STRENGTHS |OPPORTUNITIES | |Expanding home market economy and favourable demographic; |A growing market, despite the economic crisis; | |Strategic geographic position; |A popular tourism destination; | |Substantial cost advantage over rivals; | Benefiting from liberalisation policies; | |Rising market share; |Extend coverage to Transatlantics; | |Star Alliance membership and close relationship with Lufthansa; |Business customers focus; | |Great flight frequency; |Drawing passengers into onward flights from Istanbul hub; | |Great product and customer services; | | |WEAKNESSESS |THREATS | |Turkey |Currency shifts may inhibit profitability; | |Higher risk organic growth strategy; |LCCs increasing their presence; | |Massive fleet growth to fund; |Lufthansa product differentiation; | |Under-utilising the potential of a strong alliance; |Lufthansa coverage expansion; | |Market adaptation product; | | |Product differentiation; | | |Brand/ specific product awareness; | | II Stage Resarch analysis market and customer 1 Competitors Overview and Situation analysis Turkish Airlines competes with three main airlines on the route London. Istanbul. Theseare: British Airways that execute flights from London Heathrow to Istanbul Ataturk (2-3 flightsdaily), Pegasus Airlines serving London Stansted Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen (1 flight daily)and Easyjet serving London Gatwick Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen (1 flight daily). Based onthe above information, Turkish Airlines main competitor is British Airways as a full serviceairline providing connection from main-to-main airport, whilst Pegasus Airlines and Easyjetare LCC executing flights from secondary airports to Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen airportlocated further away from Istanbul in the Asian side. Turkish Airlines is the only companyserving airports as London Gatwick, London Stansted, Manchester and Birmingham inaddition to its main London Heathrow base. 1. 1 The Competitors Competitors for Turkish Airlines are classified as direct and non-direct threat. Although BA is a direct threat to Turkish Airlines, the latter possess the advantage ofservicing different airports around UK, targeting local communities and businesses on awider spectrum 1. 1. 1. British Airways British Airways is the main competitor of Turkish Airlines on the route LHR-IST. It is a fullservice airline the national carrier of Great Britain. Its strong position in the UK market iswell defined. BA serves more than 680 destinations around the world some of which oncode share bases with One World partner airlines. 1. 1. 2 Pegasus Airlines Pegasus Airlines is a LCC servicing London Stansted Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen Airport. Theairline is not classified as a main threat to Turkish Airlines services as it operates fromsecondary airports and its product has a low value compared to the full service of TurkishAirlines. One advantage of this carrier is the fact that it has extensive route connections inregional Turkey. 1. 1. 3. Easyjet Easyjet is a Low Cost carrier servicing London Gatwick Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen Airport. The airline is not classified as a main threat to Turkish Airlines services, even though itoperates from the 2nd largest airport in London Gatwick. Its product has a low valuecompared to the full service of Turkish Airlines. The airline is better positioned with flightservices within mainland Europe and has no regional connections within Turkey. 1. 2 Competitors products Pegasus Airlines and Easyjet, as low cost carriers have well defined product structure mainlytargeting the leisure market. Their product value refers to the low cost model with fewerservices on board -product that can mainly be directed to travellers on a budget (no seatallocation, paid snacks and baggage allowance, etc. ). Their flights are operated eitherfrom/or to secondary airports which are no attractive to wider group of passengers(especially business). Therefore their product and marketing strategy differs from the one ofTurkish Airlines. British Airways is a full service airline that provide similar product to Turkish Airlines andtherefore is considered as the main competitor. They provide the economy (leisure traveller)product along with the upper economy and business class experience. 2. Customers The primary target market for the airline is corporate business air travel. The main need ofthis type of customers is the corporate discount available in return for volume. The companyproduct will be positioned to these customers to provide significant cost savings overcompetitors. Both London and Istanbul are cities with many multinational companies andbusinesses, which create a vast market for corporate travel. Corporate travellers that TurkishAirlines should be targeting include, Deutsche bank, PwC, Delloit, Shell and several otherprominent corporations with links in Istanbul and London who fly business class and hassignificant volume of business travel between the pair cities. The secondary target market for the airline is the small business and independent businesstravellers who typically fly from Heathrow to Istanbul but also from the industrial cities Manchester and Birmingham. The product will be positioned for these customers byproviding a FFP and a business class fare that is significantly lower than most traditionalfares (the two main needs of business travellers according to surveys). The product will alsobe positioned to this target market as the one with the highest levels of service on board theaircraft, significantly higher levels of comfort offered by the seats and a higher degree ofluxury compared to the competition. The final target market for the airline is the luxury travel market that exists from London andManchester to Istanbul. The product will be marketed and positioned to these customers as a „ first class service at business class fares’ . These customers are generally uninterested inthe frequency demanded by business travellers. III Stage Determine Segmentation strategy and positioning . Target Positioning of Turkish Airlines The primary target market for the airline is corporate business air travel. The main need of this type of customers is the corporate discount available in return for volume. The company product will be positioned to these customers to provide significant cost savings over competitors. Both London and Istanbul are cities with many multinational companies and businesses, which create a vast market for corporate travel. Corporate travellers that TurkishAirlines should be targeting include, Deutsche bank, PwC, Delloit, Shell and several other prominent corporations with links in Istanbul and London who fly business class and has significant volume of business travel between the pair cities. The secondary target market for the airline is the small business and independent business travellers who typically fly from Heathrow to Istanbul but also from the industrial cities Manchester and Birmingham. The product will be positioned for these customers byproviding a FFP and a business class fare that is significantly lower than most traditionalfares (the two main needs of business travellers according to surveys). The product will alsobe positioned to this target market as the one with the highest levels of service on board theaircraft, significantly higher levels of comfort offered by the seats and a higher degree ofluxury compared to the competition. The final target market for the airline is the luxury travel market that exists from London andManchester to Istanbul. The product will be marketed and positioned to these customers as a „ first class service at business class fares’ . These customers are generally uninterested inthe frequency demanded by business travellers. Targeting about customer : Recently , There was newspaper for Business Class in Turkish airlines. But nowadays They don’t have newspaper for any passenger. That’s why one of pollester analyzed this situation. According to polls : And most of passengers who were in business class , wanted to get newspaper during to flight also they wanted to scientific and technical journal. (Therefore They will have newspaper and magazine which are business class interested in. ) During the flight , the shortest flight should take minimum 3 hours. Passengers who are business class want to get free alcohol(Especially wine) and of course they are going to want to eat delicious food. Most of business class of passenger care food and amount of food.. We know that good serves are going to be good memory for passenger. (For this reason , Turkish Airlines Cooker’s is going to flight all time for delicious and fresh cook during the flights. ) The other important things about passengers is fast internet. Because they often need to check their mailbox . And they need to fast internet for follow the â€Å"be up to date† all time. (They will have fastest internet. ) Passengers need to get comfort. Because Generally after flight , they go to meeting to company. Thats why they don’t want to go to company wearily. (THY will have the comfortest seats. ) Also We realized that â€Å"Keeping passenger informed about all types of flight information† is the other important things. (Pilot often should give information. ) Passengers say that the most important thing is â€Å"Cabin ventilation†. We know that â€Å" be able to breathe easily â€Å" mean is positive behavior in this day. And they want to know ; which country are we flying on now ? If flight is going to take long hours , exactly it will be boring. And they can wonder this. That’s why Navigation is necessary for all plane. Surely Turkish Airlines has Navigation but some of planes don’t have navigation. (Airlines is going to put navigation to all planes. )Business Class passenger’s can want to watch movie in their special t. v. Therefore We often need to update the movies . Because almost everyday New movies are come out. And watch movie during the flight is good time for watch.. Segmentation of Marketing in Turkish Airlines (%) : [pic] [pic] [pic][pic][pic] IV Set marketing plan objective and direction 1. Objective The main objective of the marketing plan for Turkish Airlines is to increase the generated revenue in the business segment in order to secure the financial sustainability and future growth of the company and its premium product in the EU market. This will primarily be achieved in three stages; firstly by defining the market to narrow the market focus to consumers and businesses that are qualified to or are already users of business class air travel, secondly by further identifying the available market from main hubs in EU (London, Frankfurt, Paris) and the rest of EU to Istanbul and finally targeting the potential market for additional leisure and business travel on the route. Each segment of the market will be targeted to increase Turkish Airlines sales and improve the airlines load factors. Table 1 below summarises the marketing objectives: Objective |Time period | |Increase revenue in business segment by 15% |Summer 2013/winter 2013/14 | |Increase market share by 4% to 58% |By the start of Summer 2013 | |Increase market share to 62. 4% |During Summer 2013 | | | | |Increase load factor from 68% to 72% |By the start of Summer 2013 | |Further increase of load factor by 5% to 77% |During Summer 2013/Winter 13/14 | |Promote thy. om for bookings to reduce cost |Throughout the whole period | 2. Marketing Plan and Marketing campaigns. Turkish Airlines marketing promotions will be designed to enable the airline to exceed its marketing objectives by increasing interest in the product and the willingness of consumers to buy it. This section of the report proposes several marketing promotions for the airline to increase their sales, brand awareness, and loyalty from existing customers beyond that which can be provided by advertising alone. 2. 1 Advanced Booking Price Promotions Th e main aim of the price promotions will be to reduce the number of empty seats on the aircraft and hence to maximise revenue. Assuming that the existing target load factors are sufficient to generate significant profit additional seats which otherwise would be empty could be sold at significantly reduced prices, however they must still yield a profit for the service provided. Turkish Airlines price promotion will provide significantly low prices for customers who are able to book an anytime seat over one calendar month in advance. This promotion will be targeted at leisure travellers as it is assumed that a majority of business travellers book their seats close to the required date of departure as they are required to leave on short notice. 2. 2Three for Two The main aim of this promotion is to generate additional revenue while not overbooking the aircraft or undermining the passengers who have not utilised this promotion, which would most likely be the case if a buy one get one free promotion were offered. This promotion is based on a consumer or group of consumers purchasing two full fare return tickets and receiving a third one free. This promotion could enable three consumers to travel at once for the price of two, general trends of leisure travellers, or enable a single consumer who purchases two tickets within a month, general trend of a business class consumer, to be offered the third one free. The free ticket will be restricted and must be used within a period of one month. This promotion will be designed to run in May, June, July and August when target load factors are less than 60%. 2. 3Promotional Items for On-line Bookings All consumers who book flights in August through to December directly through www. thy. om will be offered free Istanbul sightseeing tour cards or similar organised tours. This is designed to increase load factors above target load factors for these months but also to reduce distribution costs of tickets. For all business passengers on onward flights from Istanbul, 1 or 2 free nights at luxury hotels will be offered. 2. 4Turkish Airlines Triple Points Frequent Flyer Program MilesSmiles is already a rewarding and generous scheme where passengers can redeem rewards and take advantage of many benefits. In April, June and Oct, the airline will offer triple points on all bookings made on-line. V Marketing plan strategies , problems and support . 1. Marketing Mix (7 P ies) 1. 1Product Turkish Airlines product is providing economy and business class travel between major EU hubs and Istanbul. The airline method of providing its services is what differentiates its product and allows it to offer vast benefits, such as space, seats, comfort and in-flight services, as well as genuine gestures such as Istanbul sightseeing cards and chauffeur services to the existing economy and business class passengers. 1. 2 Price The main pricing strategy of the company is to maintain price leadership. While Turkish Airlines pricing allows the company to achieve its financial goals, i. e. make a profit, it undercuts the realities of the marketplace for the product and service offered by its competitor. Based on competitor pricing customers would be willing to buy at Turkish Airlines prices. Turkish Airlines pricing strategies support the products positioning, as the low price does not act as a substitute for lack of product quality, and are consistent with the other variables in the marketing mix. Pricing is influenced by the distribution channels used particularly in selling to corporate customers. However, through negotiations the airline can achieve great results with its corporate clients. 1. 3 Promotion Turkish Airlines promotional strategy will be carried out with the target customer in mind preventing the waste of time and money on ineffective promotional activities such as TV ads. Other methods of creating awareness of the airline product will include sales promotions and presence at business trade shows, promoting the airlines directly to the target audiences, as well as social websites like Facebook, Twitter, etc. 1. 4 Place A Multi-level marketing strategy will be employed to distribute the product. That is a combination of direct sales and indirect sales through the internet, Business trade shows and corporate travel agencies. 1. 5 People Dynamically and soundly sustaining its growth with a youthful yet experienced team, Turkish Airlines was the author ofgreat successes with 15,384 employees in 2011. In order to maintaining the highest standards of service, Turkish Airlines personnel employed in all capacities perform their jobs with a focus on effective use of technology under the most ideal quality conditions. 1. 6 Physical environment Turkish Airlines is not only a substantial full service carrier in its own right, but also maintains a solid position at the low cost end of the market, domestically through AnadoluJet and its Lufthansa JV in SunExpress. This reinforcement allows the flag carrier to focus on its core, full service role, and to continually grow its position in the expanding Eastern European and Middle East and central Asian markets. Turkish Airlines benefits significantly from the combination of its strategically valuable geographic position and its Istanbul hubbing capability. Straddling Asia and Europe, while relatively close to the Equator, Turkey offers its national airlines – and THY in particular – powerful access to: 1. A large and increasingly affluent domestic market and massive expatriate community, much of it in Germany; 2. Western Europe; 3. Eastern Europe; 4. The Middle East; 5. Central Asia; and 6. Long haul one-stop sixth freedom connections, in much the same way as the Gulf airlines, Emirates, Etihad and Qatar Airways have exploited global markets. Unlike those airlines, Turkish has the advantage of a large home base, to generate economies of scale. For THY, there is still considerable upside in the latter of these, which in turn grows its network strength and connectivity options into its extensive short and medium haul European routes. 1. 7 Process The most important factor separating Turkish Airlines from its competitors is its success in maintaining reliability, speed and timeliness without compromising service quality. Flying Turkish Airlines is an experience of its own, always associated with the Turkish hospitality – experience of comfort, quality pre-boarding and onboard services and great customer service. Turkish Airlines competitive advantage in EU is based on its flight operations from all of EU capitals and number regional airports, enabling the company to increase its market share and passenger network. Flights frequencies are another advantage that boosts passengers flying the airline to increase enormously. Regional connections from its main hub in Istanbul, as well as more than 145 onward connections to the Middle and Far East and Asian countries(and further 940 destinations with its code share partners), enables Turkish Airlines to be one of the most desirable airlines. The onboard product combining economy service focused to the leisure passengers, together with the unique business passengers? product, providing services, such as dedicated check-in points, exclusive security gates and effortless passport control at low fares assign the airline as one of the most preferred among different group of passengers. 2 Action and Campaign 2. 1 Internet In order to attract EU leisure and business travellers, Turkish Airlines will market and make direct sales via its web site. This allows for cheap and efficient distribution costs and reaches a wide consumer base. The website allows customers to make reservations for flights and provides purchase and payment capabilities, as well as comprehensive information on offers. Social websites like Facebook and Twitter could create brand awareness and can be used as a marketing tool for promotions of the airline. 2. 2 Direct Sales to Corporations In order to attract large corporations and medium sized businesses, Turkish Airlines will directly contact the travel departments of corporations and businesses in EU with links in Turkey. 2. Direct Sales to Secretaries and PA’s Often PA. s and secretaries are required to book flights for managers. Turkish Airlines must target these secretaries with direct mail so that they are aware of the Turkish Airlines product. 2. 4 Corporate Travel Agent s This has the advantage of offering customers a distribution channel they may prefer in making their reservation. 2. 5 Business and Travel Magazines, Outdoor Adverts Important part of Turkish Airlines marketing strategy will be focused on advertising with leading corporate and travel magazines, as well as outdoor advertising, such as billboards, bus and underground posters. 2. 6 Customer Service Building substantial customer relationship will be the primary objective of Turkish Airlines. That will be achieved through extensive communication with its current customers, special discounts and incentives for regular passengers, etc. 3. Marketing plan problems At present, Turkish really appears to be on a roll. Most of the key ingredients line up to make strengths and opportunities the dominant forces in the carriers landscape. Even its weaknesses are little more than an inability to grasp opportunities fully (such as for example under-use of the potential of Star membership codesharing). In some ways the scenario almost appears too good to last. But most of the right building blocks are now in place for sustained and profitable growth in what is still in many ways an under-exploited market. Turkish Airlines product must be positioned to the target market as one that meets and exceeds the needs of both leisure and business class travellers, who would normally fly with LCC like Easyjet or Ryanayr (leisure passengers) or Lufthansa (business passengers), through increased product innovation and quality. 3. Market support strategies Turkish Airlines market presence will be achieved by relying on the strategy of identifying and serving well both leisure and business market. Reservations will be centralised and cost effective, by popularising the official website of the airline. Marketing will be media generated to the business and corporate accounts with combined media and direct sales focused to the leisure market. The product focused towards business travellers allows them to hold in flight meetings in comfort and order meals and services to suit their timetable and specific needs. Although business class travel is not a new product, Turkish Airlines product has improved to the highest level possible, to compete with its major competitors mainly based on price differentiation. The advantage of a local and highly identifiable market is that media selections can be limited in scope. The most effective media is expected to be outdoor billboards and posters on buses and underground, as they have acted as a key generator of sales for other airlines. Presence in the popular social websites would be beneficial in order to increase brand awareness and can be used as powerful marketing tool for advertising promotions, etc. Based on all these actions, Turkish Airlines can meet its challenges and act in order to achieve its set goals and objectives, as well as to maintain its leadership position in the EU market. VI Plan to measure progress and performance . Ansoff Matrix The Ansoff Growth matrix is another marketing planning tool that helps a business determine its product and market growth strategy. Ansoff’s product/market growth matrix suggests that a business’ attempts to grow depend on whether it markets new or existing products in new or existing markets. The output from the Ansoff product/market matrix is a series of  suggested growth strategies which set the direction for the business strategy. These are described below: [pic] That’s why We are going to use Ansoff Matrix for Turkish Airlines. Market Penetration : Market penetration is the name given to a growth strategy where the business focuses on selling existing products into existing markets. Market penetration seeks to achieve four main objectives: †¢ Maintain or increase the market share of current products – this can be achieved by a combination of competitive pricing strategies, advertising, sales promotion and perhaps more resources dedicated to personal selling †¢ Secure dominance of growth markets Restructure a mature market by driving out competitors; this would require a much more aggressive promotional campaign, supported by a pricing strategy designed to make the market unattractive for competitors. Increase usage by existing customers – for example by introducing loyalty schemes A market penetration marketing strategy is very much about â€Å"business as usual†. The business is focusing on markets and products it knows well. It is likely to have good information on competitors and on customer needs. It is unlikely, therefore, that this strategy will require much investment in new market research. For Turkish Airlines : First of all We should keep our attitude in the market. After that We can purpose to incrase our passenger and consequently our income. For this We can keep working with famous person (Messi, Kobe .. ) in our advertisement. Therefore We can get market share of our competitors. But Sometimes everything can not be on the way and company can get damage in market. Thus Our company should get ready for all condition. Also We can increase usage by existing by loyalty. My idea is : we can give to them special things. (if someone use Thy two times in a month , we can give to them extra baggage chance. Not 15 kg. maybe 20 or more.. ) We should feel our customer special for us. I have one really original idea. When they buy ticket , we should learn their birthdate. And The customer which has account in ourwebsite , when Their birthday come ; Our customer can have special promotion. We can send e-mail to them and : Happy birthday. Here is your special promotion number. You can get %40 percent discount with you flight. Remember you should buy till tonight ( But When we are doing this strategy , we should be carefully too much. Because Some foxy person can create unreal birthday ( That’s why we can decide that : Just One person can get this special promotion in each plane. Market development Market development is the name given to a growth strategy where the business seeks to sell its existing products into new markets. There are many possible ways of approaching this strategy, including: †¢ New geographical markets; for example exporting the product to a new country †¢ New product dimensions or packaging †¢ New distribution channels (e. g. oving from selling via retail to selling using e-commerce and mail order) †¢ Different pricing policies to attract different customers or create new market segments Market development is a more risky strategy than market penetration because of the targeting of new markets. For Turkish Ai rlines :Customer of Turkish Airlines are : %59. 4 in Europe , % 15 Middle Eastern , %12. 9 Asia , %7. 6 Africa , % 5. 2 America. America is far from Turkey. That’s why person who is from America, can choose another company which is located in America. Although Africa close to Turkey , There is just less our customer in Africa. We can focus on the our customers which live in Africa. Well , What Can we do for get more customer from Africa ? [pic] We can see from this picture : We are flying just 3 destinations which are in Africa . That’s why Our percentage of customers which are in Africa , too less in our all customers. We can fly 2-3 new destinations more. We know that their economics are not good but we can provide low price with small plane and make no compromises from our quality. And also we can campaing. For example : When you buy Turkish Airlines ticket , 10% of The money which you pay , goes to homeless or person who cant find food.. It will be better. Because you know most of them cant find food. It ? s good to loyalty for Turkish Airlines. Product development Product development is the name given to a growth strategy where a business aims to introduce new products into existing markets. This strategy may require the development of new competencies and requires the business to develop modified products which can appeal to existing markets. A strategy of product development is particularly suitable for a business where the product needs to be differentiated in order to remain competitive. A successful product development strategy places the marketing emphasis on: †¢ Research development and innovation †¢ Detailed insights into customer needs (and how they change) †¢ Being first to market For Turkish Airlines Istanbul Ataturk Airport has parking problems. There is not enough empty places for all of passengers cars. And passengers usually does not enough time to fing for parcing area. Turkish Airlines can provide their customers about parcing service. Our advice is to avoid loss of time looking for a place to park when you arrive at the airport by your car, why not leave your car at one of the valet delivery points in front of the domestic international terminals and THY CIP Building taking advantage of the comfort and for 3 hours it can be free. The other problem is delays. There are lots of reason about delays but passengers are not responsible about this topic. In case of a 3  h delay THY can returns the ticket; and in case of a 5  h delay it both returns the ticket and gives free ticket to its passengers. New products for turkish airlines can be PS3 which is game console. You can play a lot of games during the flights. Th? s ? dea is better for customers who are between 15 and 30 years old. Maybe ? t ? s not good for business class but they are people. It doesn’t mean they are working all time. Sometimes They need rest and don’t want to think about work , spend time for different things. It ? s good choose for think about different . Diversification of products (services) Diversification is a form of corporate strategy for a company. It seeks to increase profitability through greater sales volume obtained from new products and new markets. Diversification can occur either at the business unit level or at the corporate level. At the business unit level, it is most likely to expand into a new segment of an industry that the business is already in. At the corporate level, it is generally via investing in a promising business outside of the scope of the existing business unit. The strategies of diversification can include internal development of new products or markets, acquisition of a firm, alliance with a complementary company, licensing of new technologies, and distributing or importing a products line manufactured by another firm. Generally, the final strategy involves a combination of these options. This combination is determined in function of available opportunities and consistency with the objectives and the resources of the company. For Turkish Airlines Improving in-flight services is a major move that could differentiate Turkish Airlines. Providing a different in-flight product, such as catering that influence the Turkish tradition (cuisine) and hospitality, and specific product tailored for the business travellers focusing on their needs and wants, would attract more passengers looking for enjoyable and influential travel experience. Entertainment and communication in-flight systems are major advantage of Turkish Airlines. A great opportunity for Turkish Airlines, as the largest carrier for Turkey in the EU market is to expand its presence and extend the route networks into regional airports. This will enable the company to draw huge amount of traffic, knowing that the EU travel market is a lucrative opportunity. Turkish Airlines is one of the very few airlines in the world that implemented private suite on its long haul fleet. This is a unique product focused towards the needs of superior customers and awareness of this product in the EU market will increase the passenger demand for the onward flights of Turkish Airlines from Istanbul. Cost reductions can be achieved by reducing the office premises and ground staff the airline use. Focusing on online bookings, e-customer services and e-technology will be a major objective in achieving cost cuts. Thus, the benefit would be given to consumers in the way of cheaper tickets or special discounts.

Philippine Business Environment Essays - Maritime Southeast Asia

Philippine Business Environment Essays - Maritime Southeast Asia Philippine Business Environment " The countries that will achieve steady and economic growth in the 21st century are those that go with the tide ". An economic manager must look into his resources and not on what other countries have. The Philippines is rich with natural resources , raw material and especially manpower. That's why when we made a move to improve our economic condition , The Sick Man of Asia was renamed as the New Tiger Cub of Asia. A name signaling other countries that a new threat for world leadership has arrive. We have attracted lots of foreign investors to invest in the Philippines and many more of them are coming . So what's next ? We should not be satisfied of what we are seeing. We should concentrate in the welfare of our people. Since there's an influx of foreign investors here, it is the proper time to show what the Filipinos are made of .Proper promotion of micro-enterprises , and especially promoting rapid development of human capabilities. As an economic strategy this may sound small but actually this is in preparation of something big for us. Technology today has change the world's vision of business. Because of technology we know can communicate better and faster. Everybody is just a phone call away or should we say an E-mail away. Everybody can do business anywhere at anytime . Thus born a new commerce, the E-commerce, or simply the Electronic-commerce and with its birth came Globalization. It is the global expansion of trade and investment , even though there are still lots of arguments whether to join or not this trend, we should be ready. We should look at all the possibilities of this trend. We should be prepared for it otherwise we will be left behind . Singapore is now leading this market of E-commerce in Asia, but because this country is not a democratic country investors are having a hard time doing their job, that's why they are looking for another place . And that's where we go in, we have the people, a good strategic position in Asia, and lastly we follow the rules of democracy . We might not have the best but we have the better men for the job. Filipinos literacy is very high compare to other countries in Asia and we are very adaptable . By creating T-Zones or Technology Zones where all about technology will be seen and used , local and foreign investors will surely come and put up their business here for good . And remember more investors means more profit, the economy will surely skyrocket and the employment rate will soar up. Thus, given our people a fair chance of living a comfortable life. We will be the Center of Technology Services in Asia and this will surely lever our status in the world from a tiger cub to ! The New Tiger of Asia , and maybe just maybe The Dragon of Asia.

Medea Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Medea - Assignment Example With several instances of conflict the play moves ahead through a number of death, sorrow and finally lead to a tragic end with Jason losing everything (Tigane 7-15). The assignment examines how different characters of the play fail to meet the criteria mentioned in Aristotle’s Golden Mean. Moreover, the assignment even elaborates the character as per Aristotle’s ethics as well as the Golden Mean. The failure of the characters to meet the ethics as specified in Aristotle’s Golden Mean has been effectively discussed in the paper. Aristotle’s theory of Golden Mean elaborates on the basis of origin, measures and development of virtues important for the enhancement of happiness, which is considered to be the ultimate goal of human life. This happiness is desired solely for oneself and has nothing to do with the material pleasures and possessions. The golden mean even elaborates on the fact that many people are of the opinion that the material possessions can bring ultimate happiness. Observably, Aristotle’s ethics are based strongly on theological as well as practical approaches, which define the wellbeing of human as a whole. The continuous acting in accordance to the virtues could be observed as a source of happiness that lasts longer and not just provide short term happiness. The ethics is completely centered on the character of a person as it is the most important element that helps in developing the virtues. This development of the virtues leads to a long lived happiness. Accordingly, it can be justified that ethics helps in developing the human character such that the person will be able to enhance their style of living and draw pleasure and happiness from their life. Moreover, ethics helps to identify the different characteristics that are present in one individual and that helps in developing the happiness throughout the life (Cunningham 5-15). Medea. The character was so blind to take revenge on her husband that she was not

Isle of wight ventnor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Isle of wight ventnor - Essay Example In addition, the seabed forms a ridge rising to 15 meters of the surface that causes the sea to rush in between the ridge created and the Island. Due to this, there exists a narrow deep channel called the St Catherine’s Deep. The problem Study of the geotechnical situation in Ventnor indicates that the town has experienced landslides subject to ground movements. These landslides cause damage to property and interrupt the delivery of services mostly done through pipelines. The under-cliff of the Isle of Wight is 12 kilometers long. In 1988, the Department of Environment in Ventnor commissioned a study to come with ideas for dealing with the land instability problem. To understand the problems of stabilizing the town of Ventnor properly, it is important to consider; 1. The nature of the landslips 2. Study the strategies used to reduce negative impacts in the future and their applicability 3. Investigate the previous cases of instability It is very crucial to note that only some areas in the town of Ventnor experience landslips. In fact, various developed areas do not get affected even by main events. Consider the Bonchurch Old church which is over 1050 years old and still exists. Researchers tend to misinterpret the extent of the landslides since they include buildings and property that crumble due to poor foundations. Consequently, the problem appears great and non-manageable. (Griffiths, 2001). Location map The location of the town of Ventnor creates a problem in the stabilization of the area. The town faces a sea with various activities among them sea bed movements. Its open side facing the sea presents the problem of vulnerability due to lack of protection from sea tides and strong winds. Instability due to ground movements Ground movement continues to be a problem in the stabilizing of the town of Ventnor. The worst period occurred in 1961 where cliff falls and collapsed settlements were rampant following heavy autumn rainfall. Although the records da te as far back as 1781, it is not easy to get a clear picture of the problem of ground movements. 91% of the town has had minimal movement annually and short term major movements are attributed to long run movements. In the last 100 years, ground movement has become a challenge to the local community. This problem is independent of financial influence since it is a natural occurrence. The continued development of the area based on urbanization increases human traffic; thus, adds to the initial ground movement activity. Sir William 1997 argues that ground movements result from slope instability, ground compression and subsidence. Initially, the under cliff was a result of various phases of landslides due to climate and sea level influences. Landslides in Ventnor appear in the cretaceous rocks which consist of Gault clay overlain by big sandstones and chalk. The thin clay layers and the Gault clay determine the stability of the area. It is evident that the geotechnical design of the t own of Ventnor is itself a problem to the stability of the area. Landslides The images above show the occurrence of landslides which create a challenge in stabilizing the town. Mostly, landslides in Ventnor occur due to planes of weakness that come beneath impermeable clay surfaces. Water seeps through layers of sand leading to instability due to erosion. This image above represents the anatomy of the landslides. Landslides occur at the under-cliff of Ventnor located to the south of

Examining Social Justice And Equality Politics Essay

Examining Social Justice And Equality Politics Essay Social justice and equality is a significant issue in almost all societies around the world. It encompasses other important issues like human rights, social policies, social welfare problems and the like. It includes concerns about race, gender, ethnicity, socio-economic status, educational attainment and other factors that categorize individuals in a certain community. Therefore, the intricate relationship between social justice, equality and social welfare is vital in understanding the values, norms and attitudes that individuals in a certain society possess. In this paper, I will talk about social justice and equality and how it affects social policies and social work practice. I will also discuss certain relevant concepts like poverty and human rights, and I will also cite some social justice issues faced by vulnerable populations in Canada. Let us start the discussion by defining what social welfare is. According to Hick (2007) social welfare has numerous usages, but it can be seen more often in four basic themes. Social welfare can be a philosophical concept or an abstract set of principles that enable society to seek solutions to social problems. It can also be seen as a product or legislated documents that prescribe how income security and social services are to be carried out. The third theme is that social welfare can be seen as a process or a series of change that is never fully developed due to shifting contexts and lastly, social welfare can be seen as a framework of action which is both a product and a process. (p.2) Canada is known to be a social welfare state wherein social services and income security programs are available to citizens and these programs are provided by the government in various levels. (Hick, 2007, p.1) However, there are debates arising nowadays that questions Canadas position as a welfare state because of the tax cuts in funds that are allocated for social welfare programs such as income supplements and other monetary assistance for people who need help. Hick argued in his book that Canadas social welfare services provided by the government are diminishing, and citizens rely more and more in non-profit and for-profit organizations. Cutbacks on government spending budget for social services has been implemented and strict eligibility criteria has been set in order to determine who are the people deserving of assistance. Hick also stated that Canadian citizens are disagreeing over whether income security programs should be extended, strengthened or reduced. These differences are because differences in political ideologies, economic theories and basic notions and views about income security programs in our society. (Hick, 2007, p.20) In my opinion, the government should not cut budgets on social welfare programs and policies. I think that it is the duty of the Canadian government, as a welfare state to help its citizens in every way possible in terms of attaining socially-just and equal programs and projects with regards to social welfare. So, what is a socially-just welfare system? Our definition of a socially-just welfare can be different because of the different experiences we have. Our definitions may vary because of factors which affect our perception and behavior such as our family, mass media, our religion, education, socio-economic status or the experiences we had in relation to social welfare. For example, if one belongs to a low-income family, his/her definition of socially-just welfare can be those programs that give monetary, social and psychological assistance to all low-income families, without the need for strict criteria of eligibilities. This is because he/she experiences firsthand how hard it is to belong to a low-income family. On the other hand, if one belongs to a high-income family and he/she works hard in order to earn money, he/she may argue that a socially-just welfare system is the one who employs strict rules on eligibility. He/she may argue that peoples taxes should not be used to assist peo ple who are not in great need of assistance. In short, we may have different views regarding a socially-just welfare system because of the experiences and factors that shape the way we perceive things. There are also emerging theories on what is a socially-just just welfare system. For example, ideas such Social Investment State by Anthony Giddens (1998) proposes a social investment state that focuses on social inclusion by strengthening civil society and providing equality of opportunity than equality of outcomes. Giddens believe that jobs should not be low-paying and dead-end in order to attain social inclusion. Also, an inclusive society must provide the basic needs of those who cannot work. (as cited in Hick, 2007, p.105-106) This is one of many views that we can use in analyzing the aspects of social welfare. In a globalized economy wherein every action of almost all countries affects each other, we should always take into consideration the three important aspects namely social justice, equality and human rights intersect. Human rights are inherent rights without which we cannot truly live as human beings. The International Bill of Human Rights is the primary basis of the United Nations (UN) to promote, protect and monitor human rights and fundamental freedom. (Hick, 2007, p.115-116) According to Mishra (1999) globalization undermines the ability of the national governments to pursue policies of full employment and demand management. Furthermore, he said that globalization increases the inequality in wages and working conditions and high-paying jobs are shrinking while part-time employment flourishes. Mishra also pointed out that globalization prioritizes deficit reduction and tax cuts over social security systems. Lastly, he stated that globalization shifts power multi-national corporations and away from the labor and civil society, thus weakening the support for social welfare programs. (as cited in Hick, 2007, p.122-123) In my opinion, social justice, equality and human rights are all forms of protection for people in one way or another. All three preserves the right of the individual to have access to resources like employment, education and leisure. Also, reaching social justice and equality will surely alleviate the condition of individuals and will be able to make them attain the best state of well-being possible. All three concepts focus on the improvement of the individual, not just in monetary forms but most importantly as a complete and contented citizen. But as we have mentioned earlier, these three will not be attained as long as there are existing problems in the society like inequality, discrimination and lack of opportunities. Upon mentioning the hindrances in attaining justice and equality, let us now discuss poverty. According to Hick (2007), Canada is one of the only few countries without an official poverty line. However, Statistics Canada produces the Low Income Cut-off or LICO, which reveals that in 2004 around 3.5 million Canadians or 11.2 percent lived below the after-tax LICO level. (p.205) Poverty can be measured in terms of income, or in terms of how low or high can you locate yourself in the continuum line of LICO. However, according to Hick (2007), poverty is beyond income. Poverty can also be social exclusion or the marginalization of individuals. It means that individuals have limited opportunities or abilities to participate in social, economic, and cultural activities of society. The use of social exclusion is an attempt to broaden the definition of poverty beyond income levels computation. It views poverty as the inability to pursue well-being because of lack of opportunities. (p.210) In my opinion, how we view poverty is affected by the socialization we have as we grow up. We can see poverty as a lack of material or monetary wealth or we can view poverty as social discrimination or social exclusion. If one experiences the exclusion because of prejudice against him/her because he/she is seeking assistance of the government, that in is self can be poverty. Poverty is an important issue because there is a percentage of the Canadian population who belongs to these distinctions. Poverty is evident especially to migrant workers as they are sometimes deemed to have incompetent credentials. Credentialism issue arises as degrees and certification from non-traditional source countries may not be as readily recognized. Discrimination, non-recognition or undervaluing of foreign educational skills, credentials and education are most likely the factors why most immigrants live beyond LICO as opposed to Canadian-born citizens. (Hick, 2007, p.218) Kazemipur and Halli (2001) found out in their study that with everything else held equal (like education and language) the odds of poverty increases by 56 percent if one is an immigrant. (as cited in Hick, 2007, p.218) High poverty rate among immigrants is an example of a social justice issue related to vulnerable populations. Because of the combination of discrimination, limited opportunities to work, hesitance of employers to hire immigrants because of adjustment issues and undervaluing foreigner skills and credentials, immigrants are singled-out. They are not able to realize their full potential and are forced to live below the poverty line because of the reasons mentioned above. According to Hick (2007) these deep-seated problems cannot be solved by the labor market alone. Variety of policies is needed such as employment and pay equity, recognition and promotion of the hidden skills of new immigrants to prospective employers, the provision of language and skills training to the new immigrants and the expedited recognition of foreign credentials. Hick argued that these policies are needed to address the social exclusion of recent immigrants and racialized communities. (p.218) This discrimination of migrant workers because of the fear that they are not as good as Canadian Citizens is a clear manifestation of injustice. In a society that calls itself a social welfare state, this kind of inequality must be eradicated. In my opinion, inequality and injustice arises in a society like ours when people start to mistreat and judge others in terms of their race, ethnicity, gender, social class and the like. As migrants workers adjust to the culture and practices in Canada, it would be unhelpful if people will judge them instead of helping them. Another vulnerable population in Canada is the Aboriginal peoples. According to Hick (2007) 31.2 percent of the Aboriginal peoples live below LICO. (p.218) They are discriminated along with other immigrants in terms of skills and educational attainment, thus making it hard for them to find a high-paying job, or even a sustainable job. Malcom Saulis (2003) discussed the state and condition of programs and policies for social welfare in relation to the Aboriginal peoples in his article Program and Policy Development from a Holistic Aboriginal Perspective which can be found in our Reading text. In his article, he stated that even though Aboriginal communities are now fully capable of delivering and implementing social welfare programs, they still do not have autonomy to do programming in a way that fully takes into account the culture of their people. (Book of Readings, 103-104) This is a social justice issue because the Aboriginal peoples are still deprived to practice and nurture the culture that they have for a very long time already. Limiting them, by not letting them incorporate ceremonies, dances, songs, drums, gatherings and the like in social welfare programs prepared and attended by their own people is equivalent to depriving them of their own well-being. Integration to society should not interfere with the culture and tradition that the Aboriginal people possess. Saulis (2003) identified the difference between Aboriginal and mainstream policy-making processes and found out that Aboriginal peoples are more interested in the collective rather that the individual and the approach of the former is more community-based. (Book of Readings, p.109) Therefore, not letting the Aboriginal peoples decide for themselves in terms of social welfare programs will not work. They have a frame of thought different from the mainstream ideas and it would work best for them to let them practice their traditions and beliefs and let them incorporate it in the programs that the government provides. Canadian social workers therefore have a very important role in ensuring that social justice and equality is incorporated within the delivery and design of social welfare programs and policies. They are the ones who will deal with people and they are also the ones who are placed in-between the government and the recipients of social welfare programs. Social workers are the one who could see the bigger picture, as they know why certain policies are made or approved, and they also know what is happening in the field. They are the people who can see the day-to-day lives of ordinary citizens of Canada who are the targets of the programs. Social justice and equality can be factored into welfare designs and deliveries by assessing the needs of the target population. Since there has been tax cuts recently in the budget for social welfare projects, the government devised tools that would determine whether one is eligible for social welfare or not, such as income allowances and other monetary measures. What should we take into consideration in making and delivering social welfare services is not just the capacity of the individual to make money, but also the acceptance of society itself in that individual. Meaning, instead of looking at the individuals personal problems like he/she cannot find work or he/she cannot find a stable source of income, we should look at what kind of society that the individual revolve around. Is Canadas society discriminating against immigrants, Aboriginal peoples or women? Are there enough work for everybody? What state or working conditions in Canada? By doing these, we do not stereotype the individual and we do not label him/her, but we are actually looking at the holistic view of the current conditions. If Canadas working environment is not discriminating and on the other hand inviting to all citizens, then the target population of social welfare programs in terms of income supplement would be reduced. Justice and equality should be enjoyed by all citizens of Canada, regardless of whether they are immigrants, First Nation peoples, Aboriginal peoples and the like. Government programs should be accessible to all individuals regardless of their race, gender, ethnicity, age, religion, educational attainment and the like. Since social workers are the one who are in the field they can also suggest better ways of conducting social welfare programs and they can also influence policy-making projects of the government and politicians. Social workers can pin point the roots of the problem and suggest more comprehensive solutions in addressing this because they are more exposed to the individuals needing assistance. Also, as mentioned by Hick (2007) in the first page of his book, almost all Canadians of all ages has been in need of help of social welfare programs once in their lives. Even children, single parents, women, aging citizens, disabled or people simply undergoing a difficult time in their lives has in one way or another needed help from the government. (p.1) In terms of international social justice issues, Canadian social workers can also influence the policy-making process of other countries who aim to be a social welfare state. Because of the experiences they already have in working with Canadas programs, they can give efficient programs for starters and they can also be open for consultations in order to guide other countries who want to adapt a welfare state system. In conclusion, I could say that I learned so much about social justice and equality in this assignment. Also, I was able to review the basic concepts about social welfare and was also able to reflect on the state and condition of social work practices and programs in Canada. I hope that the Canadian government as well as the citizens could improve the conditions in our country to further promote social justice and equality and in order to protect and exercise the well-being of its citizens.